|
Burnham is a village and civil parish that lies north of the River Thames in the South Bucks District of Buckinghamshire, on the boundary with Berkshire, between the towns of Maidenhead and Slough. It is served by Burnham railway station in the west of Slough on the main line between and . The M4 motorway passes through the south of the parish. The toponym is derived from the Old English for "homestead on a stream". It was first recorded in the Domesday Book of 1086 as ''Burneham'', when the manor belonged to a Walter Fitz-Other. Burnham was once a very important village. The road from London to Bath (now the A4) passed through the extensive parish of Burnham and as a result, in 1271, it received a Royal charter to hold a market and an annual fair. However, when the bridge crossing the Thames in Maidenhead opened the road was diverted away from Burnham, which fell into relative decay. The market was then transferred to Maidenhead. Today the village is mostly contiguous with Slough and green-buffered within its own areas, a dispersed settlement the civil parish has a population of 11,630 and Burnham is the traditional village nucleus.〔 In 1265 a Benedictine abbey was founded near the village by Richard, King of the Romans. This was, however, disbanded by King Henry VIII in the Dissolution of the Monasteries. Since 1916, a contemplative order of Church of England Augustinian nuns has been based in the restored remains of the original abbey. The Church of England parish church of Saint Peter dates in part from the 12th century but has been substantially expanded, refurbished and altered, with major restorations in 1863–64 and 1891 and the construction of the Cornerstone Centre in 1986.〔(St. Peter's Church Burnham – a brief history )〕 Burnham Beeches is an area of of protected ancient woodland, and is just north of the village. Dorneywood is in the parish. ==Hamlets== The parish of Burnham once included the hamlets of Boveney, Cippenham, Britwell and East Burnham. Boveney became a separate civil parish in 1866 though is now back in with Burnham parish again. Cippenham was transferred to Slough in 1930,〔(Vision of Britain website )〕 and therefore became part of Berkshire in 1974. Britwell was transferred to the borough of Slough and to Berkshire in 1974. The parish also includes the hamlets of Lent Rise, Rose Hill, East Burnham, Egypt, Hitcham, Littleworth and Littleworth Common. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Burnham, Buckinghamshire」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|